High Fat Diets (HFD)
contribute to obesity and type II diabetes by causing changes in the gut
microbiota. Metabolic inflammation and insulin resistance are common effects
related to these changes. Taking prebiotics, which are carbohydrates that are
not digestible by humans, helps increase metabolic rates by becoming food for
probiotics, which are good bacteria and yeasts that help your digestive system.
Additionally, it has been shown that prebiotic treatment leads to an increase
in the expression of intectin, which is an important protein responsible for resisting
changes in gut microbiota by killing the cells that line the gut. Therefore, prebiotics
can be useful in fighting against changes in the gut microbiota, which reduce
the effects associated with obesity.
This figure from
Everard et. al (2014) shows that intectin expression was greatly increased in
High Fat Diet induced mice that were treated with prebiotics compared to
controlled diet mice treated with prebiotics.
Original
Article: Everard A, Lazarevic V, Gaia N, Johansson M, Stahlman M, Backhed F,
Delzenne NM, Schrenzel J, Francois P, Cani PD. (2014). Microbiome
of prebiotic-treated mice reveals novel targets involved in host response
during obesity. ISME Journal
8:2116-2130.
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